Certain Infectious & Parasitic Diseases

We will be working on the ICD-10-CM chapter by chapter from now on. This post is on chapter one. Next month willbe on chapter two, neoplasms.

Hope you all enjoy!



Three digit categories:

A00 – A09 Intestinal infectious diseases
A15 – A19 Tuberculosis
A20 – A28 Certain zoonotic bacterial diseases
A30 – A49 Other bacterial diseases
A50 – A64 Infections with a predominantly sexual mode of transmission
A65 – A69 Other spirochaetal diseases
A70 –A74 Other diseases caused by chlamydia
A75 – A79 Rickettsioses
A80 – A89 Viral infections of the central nervous system
A90 – A99 Arthropod-brone viral fevers and viral hemorrhagic fevers
B00 – B09 Viral infections characterized by skin and mucous membrane lesions
B15 – B19 Viral Hepatitis
B20 – B24 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease
B25 – B34 Other viral diseases
B35 – B49 Mycoses
B50 – B64 Protozoal diseases
B65 – B83 Helminthiases
B85 – B89 Pediculosis, acariasis and other infestations
B90 – B94 Sequelae of infectious and parasitic diseases
B95 – B97 Bacterial, viral and other infectious agents
B99 – Other infectious disease

Often additional codes are used in addition to codes in this chapter

Example: Penicillin

-resistant
streptoccocal pneumoniae

§J13 – Pneumonia due to streptococcus pneumoniae
§B95.3 – Streptococcus pneumoniae as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere
There categories are provided for use as supplementary or additional codes to identify the infectious agent(s) in diseases classified elsewhere.
§Z16 – Infection with drug resistant microorganism
This category is intended for use as an additional code for infectious conditions classified elsewhere to indicate the presence of drug-resistance of the infectious organism

            Code infection first

Codes from three digit categories B95, B96, and B97 are also used as additional codes to identify the organism causing the disease
§Instructional notations are located beneath the infection code

Example:

§UTI caused by E.coli
N39.0  - Urinary tract infection, site not specified
Use additional code (B95-B97), to identify infectious agent
B96.2 – Escherichia coli (E. coli) as the cause of disease classified elsewhere

Certain infectious & parasitic diseases
§A00 – B99
Codes in this chapter are considered
§Communicable
§Transmissible

Not all diseases are coded here

General notations that pertain to three digit categories are listed prior to their code sets

Example: A00 – B99

§
Includes: diseases generally recognized as communicable or transmissible
§Use additional code for any associated drug resistance (Z16)

§Excludes 1: carrier of suspected carrier of infectious disease (Z22.-) certain localized infections – see body system – related chapters
§Infectious and parasitic diseases complicating pregnancy, child burth, and the puerperium (O98.-)
§Influenza and other acute respiratpry infections (J00-J22)

Exclude 2: infectious and parasitic diseases specific to the perinatal period (P35 – P39)

General notations that pertain to three digit categories are listed prior to their code sets

Example: A00 – B99
§Includes: diseases generally recognized as communicable or transmissible

§Use additional code for any associated drug resistance (Z16)

§
Excludes 1: carrier of suspected carrier of infectious disease (Z22.-) certain localized infections – see body system – related chapters

§Infectious and parasitic diseases complicating pregnancy, child burth, and the puerperium (O98.-)

§Influenza and other acute respiratpry infections (J00-J22)

§
Exclude 2: infectious and parasitic diseases specific to the perinatal period (P35 – P39)

Example:
§Only two of the following four disease are coded in this chapter
Viral Hepatitis
Influenza
HIV
Tuberculosis in Pregnancy

Hepatitis and HIV are coded in this chapter

Exclusion notes state respiratory infections should be coded using J00 – J22 and, and exclude  most diseases effecting pregnancy, childbirth, and
puerperium.
Following three digit category notations are specific code sets

The first set of codes are Intestinal Infectious Diseases
§A00 – A09

This includes all causes of intestinal infections, including food-borne intoxicants



Cross-Walk Example

ICD-9-CM
002 -Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers
002.0 – Typhoid Fever
002.1 – Paratyphoid fever A
002.2 – Paratyphoid fever B
002.3 – Paratyphoid fever C
002.9 – Paratyphoid fever, unspecified



ICD-10-CM
A01 – Typhoid and paratyphoid fevers
A01.0 – Typhoid fever
Infection due to Salmonella typhi
A01.00 - Typhoid fever, unspecified
A01.01 – Typhoid meningitis
A01.02 - Typhoid fever with heart involvment
Typhoid endocarditis
Typhoid myocarditis
A01.03 –Typhoid pneumonia
A01.04 – Typhoid arthritis
A01.05 – Typhoid osteomyelitis
A01.09 – Typhoid fever with other complications
A01.1 – Paratyphoid fever A
A01.2 – Paratyphoid fever B
A01.3 – Paratyphoid fever C
A01.4 – Paratyphoid fever, unspecified

Read notations and charts carefully for terms such as “infectious” or “contagious”

Example:

A09 – Infectious gastroenteritis and colitis unspecified
§Infectious colitis NOS
§Infectious enteritis NOS
§Infectious gastroenteritis NOS
§Excludes 1:
Colitis NOS (K52.9)
Diarrhea NOS (R9.7)
Enteritis NOS (K52.9)
Gastroenteritis NOS (K52.9)
Non-infective gastroenteritis and colitis, unspecified (K52.9)

The next code set is for tuberculosis (TB)
§A15 – A19

Tuberculosis codes are organized into organ systems
§TB of the respiratory system
§TB of the nervous system
§ TB of other organ systems

Codes include infections due to mycobacterium TB and mycobacterium
bovis and exclude congenital TB, any type of pneumoconiosis associated with TB, sequelae TB, and silicotuberculosis

Specific codes also have individuals exclude notations

Example:
§A17.1 – Meningeal tuberculoma
Tuberculoma of meninges (cerebral) (spinal)
Tuberculous leptomeningitis
Excludes 1: tuberculous meningoencephalitis (A17.82)

TB of “other organs” include:
§Bones & Joints
§Genitourinary
§Lymphatic system
§Intestines, peritoneum, and mesentaric glands
§Skin & SQ tissue
§Eyes
§Ears
§Adrenal glands
§Thyroid
§Endocrine glands
§Digestive organs
§Heart
§Spleen

Certain
zoonotic bacterial diseases
§A20- A28

Any infectious disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans is considered a
zoonotic disease

Of the 1415 known pathogens that effect humans 61% are
zoonotic

Zoonotic
bacterial diseases are divided as follows:
§A20 – Plague
§A21 – Tularemia
§A22 – Anthrax
§A23 – Brucellosis
§A24 – Glanders & meliodosis
§A25 – Rat- Bite Fevers
§A26 – Erysipeloid
§A27 – Leptospirosis

A28 – Other zoonotic bacterial diseases, NEC


Examples of codes in this chapter include:
§Bubonic plague
A20.0
§Pulmonary Anthrax
A22.1
§Streptobacillosis
A25.1
§Cat-scratch disease
A28.1

Other Bacterial Diseases
§A30 – A49
Codes in this section includes things like:
§Leprosy
§Infections due to microbacteria
§Listeriosis
§Diphtheria
§Whooping cough
§Scarlet fever
§Meningitis / meningococcal infections
§Steptococcal infections
§Sepsis
§Bacterial infections

In the ICD-9-CM
listeriosis was categorized under zoonotic bacterial diseases and was assigned a single code
§027.0

Listeriosis
is categorized in the ICD-10-CM under “Other Bacterial Diseases”  and has the following codes:

A32 - 
Listeriosis
§A32.0 – Cutaneous listeriousis
§A32.1 – Listerial meningitis and meningoencephalitis
A32.11 – Listerial meningitis
A32.12 – Listerial meningoencephalitis
§A32.7 – Listerial sepsis
§A32.8 – Other forms of listeriosis
A32.81 – Oculoglandular listerosis
A32.82 – listerial endocarditis
A32.89 – Other forms of listerosis

A32.9 – Listerosis, unspecified



Whooping Cough Cross-walk

ICD-9-CM 
033 Whooping cough
033.0 – Bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis)
033.1 – Bordetella parapertussis (B. parapertussis)
033.8 – Whooping cough due to other specified organism
033.9 – Whooping cough, unspecified organism


ICD-10-CM
A37 – Whooping Cough
A37.00 – whooping cough due to Bordetella pertussis without pneumonia
A37.01 - whooping cough due to Bordetella pertussis with pneumonia
A37.10 – Whooping cough due to Bordetella parapertussis without pneumonia
A37.11 - Whooping cough due to Bordetella parapertussis with pneumonia
A37.80 – Whooping cough due to other Bordetella species without pneumonia
A37.81 - Whooping cough due to other Bordetella species with pneumonia
A37.90 – Whooping cough, unspecified species, without pneumonia
A37.91 - Whooping cough, unspecified species, with pneumonia




Scarlet fever in the ICD-9-CM was a single code
§034.1

In the ICD-10-CM scarlet fever is now the following four codes:

§A38.0 – Scarlet fever with otitis media
§A38.1 – Scarlet fever with myocarditis
§A38.8 – Scarlet fever with other complications
§A38.9 – Scarlet fever, uncomplicated

There are multiple coding guidelines for coding Sepsis, Sever Sepsis, and Septic Shock

In order to select the proper codes it is important to understand how the ICD defines each condition and ensure providers align their terminology with them

Septicemia:
refers to a systemic disease associated with the presence of pathological microorganisms or toxins in the blood, which can include bacteria, viruses, fungi, or other organisms

Systemic Inflammatory Disease (SIRS):
generally refers to the systemic response to infection, trauma/burns, or other insult (such as cancer) with symptoms including fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, and leukocytosis

Sepsis:
generally referred to as SIRS due to infection

Sever Sepsis:
sepsis with associated acute organ dysfunction

Urosepsis

I
n the ICD-9-CM the default code in the index for “urosepsis” was 599.0 (uti)

According to the ICD-10-CM coding guidelines the term urosepsis is a non-specific term with no default code and is not considered synonomous with sepsis. If the term is used by a provider the record must be sent back for clarificaiton

If a diagnosis of sepsis is given a code depicting the underlying infection must also be assigned. If the infection is casual or unspecified code A41.9 should be used

If a patient is diagnosed with sepsis and acute organ dysfunction and/or multiple organ dysfunction (MOD) code according to sever sepsis guidelines

Sever sepsis requires a minimum of two codes
  • Code underlying systemic disease

  • Select the appropriate code from subcatagory R65.2 (sever sepsis)

  • If a organism is not documented assign code A41.9

  • Assign any additional organ dysfunction codes

Septic shock is circulatory failure associated with severe sepsis (which is considered an acute organ dysfunction)

Coding septic shock:

1) Code first the underlying systemic infection

2) Code R65.21 (this code encompasses sever sepsis as well)

3)  Additional organ dysfunction codes


Codes from category R65.2- are never assigned as primary codes

If a patient has sepsis due to a
postprocedural infection code:
  • Postproccedural infection (ex. T80.2 Infections following infusions and therapeutic infections)
  • Code specific infection
  • If the documentation supports sever sepsis assign a code from R65.2- as an additional code
The next category is titled “Infections with predominantly sexual mode of transmission”
§A50 – A64

Example of codes in this section include:
§Syphilis
§Gonococcal infections
§Chlamydia
§Trichomoniasis
§Herpes

HIV is not included in this grouping

Terms to watch for when using syphilis codes:
§Early stage
§Late stage
§Primary
§Secondary
§Congenital
§Acquired

Examples:
§Early congenital syphilitic rhinitis
        A50.05
§Secondary syphilitic hepatitis
        A51.45

Other Spirochetal disease
§A65-A69

These are diseases caused by a distinct type of bacteria that has a long, coiled cell, which moves in a twisting motion

Examples of Spirochetal Codes:
§A66.1 – Multiple papillomata and wet crab yaws
§A67.2 – Late lesions of pinta
§A68.0 – Louse-borne relapsing fever

Other diseases caused by
chlamydiae
§A70-A74

These codes exclude sexually transmitted
chlamydial diseases (A55-A56)

Rickettsioses
§A75 – A79

Rickettsia
is any group of rod-shaped bacteria that live in biting arthropods causing multiple diseases, such as:
§Typhus fever, unspecified
A75.9
§Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
A77.0
§Trench Fever
A79.0

Viral Infections of the Central Nervous System
§A80 – A89

Examples of codes and conditions used here include:
§Acute non-paralytic poliomyelitis
A80.4
§Urban rabies
A82.1
§Tick-borne viral encephalitis
A84.9
§Viral Meningitis
A87.9

Arthropod-borne viral fevers and viral hemorrhagic fevers
§A90 – A99

These codes are used to identify viral fevers carried by arthropods such as mosquitoes and ticks.

Examples of codes and conditions included in this category are:
§West Nile Virus infection with encephalitis
A92.31
§Sandfly fever
A93.1
§Sylvatic yellow fever
A95.0
§Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome
A98.5

Viral infections characterized by skin and mucous membrane lesions
§B00 – B09

This category includes:
§Herpesviral infections
§Varicella (chickenpox)
§Zoster
§Smallpox
§Measles
§Rubella
§Exanthema

There is a notation beneath code B03 – Smallpox, which reads
§In 1980 the 33rd World Health Assembly declared that smallpox had been eradicated.
§This classification is maintained for surveillance purposes

Some codes in this grouping have changed slightly in their descriptions and/or quantity of codes


Example


ICD-9-CM
053 -  Herpes Zoster
053.0 – with meningitis
053.1 – With Nervous system complications
053.10  - With unspecified nervous system complication
053.11Geniculate herpes zoster
053.12Postherpetic trigeminal neuralgia
053.13Postherpetic polyneuropathy
053.14 – Herpes zoster myelitis
053.13 - Other

ICD-10-CM
B02 – Zoster [herpes zoster]
B02.0 – Zoster encephalitis
B02.1 - Zoster meningitis 
B02.2 – Zoster with other nervous system involvement
B02.21Postherpetic geniculate ganglionitis
B02.22Postherpetic trigeminal neuralgia
B02.23Postherpetic polyneuropathy
B02.24Postherpetic myelitis
B02.29 – Other postherpetic nervous system involvement



Some codes in this grouping have changed largely in their descriptions and/or quantity


ICD-9-CM
052 – Chickenpox
052.0 – Postvaricella encephalitis
052.1 – Varicella (hemorrhagic) pneumonitis
052.2 – Postvaricella myelitis
052.7 – With other specified complications
052.8 – With unspecified complications
052.9 – Varicella without mention of complications




ICD-10-CM
B01 – Varicalla [chickenpox]
B01.0 – Varicella meningitis
B01.1 – Varicella encephalitis, myelitis, and encephalomyelitis
B01.11 – Varicella encephalitis and encephalomyelitis
B01.12 – Varicella myelitis
B01.2 – Varicella pneumonia
B01.8 – Varicella with other complications
B01.81 – Vericella keratitis
B01.89 – Other varicella complications
B01.9 – Varacella without complication


The next grouping is “Other Human Herpesviruses
§B10

These codes exclude
§Herpes encephalitis
B00.4
§Herpes simplex encephalitis
B00.4
§Human herpesvirus encephalitis
B00.4
§Simian B herpes virus encephalitis
B00.4

Codes here do include human
herpesvirus:
§Encephalitis
§6 encephalitis
§6 infection
§7 infection
Includes 8 infection

B15 –B19 is used for viral hepatitis

These codes are grouped as follows:
§B15 codes – Hepatitis A
§B16 codes – Hepatitis  B
§B17 codes – Viral hepatitis
§B18 codes – Chronic viral hepatitis
§B19 – Unspecified viral hepatitis & hepatitis C

There are a total of 22 specific codes in this
catagory

HIV
§B20

This is the only code listed for HIV

Guidelines state that is a patient is admitted for HIV related conditions B20 should be the principal diagnosis followed by additional diagnosis of related conditions

If a patient is admitted for an unrelated condition (ex. Trauma), code the unrelated conditions as the principal diagnosis followed by B20 and HIV related conditions

Sequencing is not effected by a new diagnosis
vs an established one

If a patient is diagnosed with HIV  or has a record of:
§“HIV positive”
§“Known HIV”
§Positive HIV test”

But is asymptomatic use code Z21 instead of B20

Do not use code Z21 for the term “AIDS” 

A patient who has had an HIV test that is inconclusive uses code R75:
§Inconclusive laboratory evidence of HIV

Any patient with a previous record of HIV related illnesses should always be assigned B20 on subsequent records

Once a patient is assigned the B20 code codes R75 and Z21 should never be used for them again.

If a patient is pregnant, giving birth, or post partum and is seen for HIV related illnesses sequencing rules state the HIV code should be first. This scenario is different though.

Use code O98.7x first
§HIV disease complicating pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium

Followed by B20

Code from chapter 15 (
materninty) ALWAYS take priority sequencing

If a patient is pregnant, giving birth, or post partum and is seen for HIV related illnesses sequencing rules state the HIV code should be first. This scenario is different though.

Use code O98.7x first
§HIV disease complicating pregnancy, childbirth, and the puerperium

Followed by B20

Code from chapter 15 (
materninty) ALWAYS take priority sequencing

Patient who are being seen to determine his/her HIV status are assigned code Z11.4
§Encounter for screening for HIV
§Assign codes for high risk behavior

If a patient with signs or symptoms are being screened use additional counseling code
§Z71.7 – HIV counseling

Code Z71.7 is also assigned when a patient returns for test results that are negative

If results are positive either B20 or Z21 is assigned (according to guidelines)

Codes B25- B34 are classified under “other viral diseases”

These include:
§Cytomegaloviral disease
B25.0 – B25.9
§Mumps
B26.0 – B26.9
§Infectious Mononucleosis

B27.00 – B27.99


Viral Conjunctivitis
§B30.0 – B30.9

Other viral disease NEC
§B33.0 – B33.8

Viral Infections Unspecified
§B34.0 – B34.9

Mycoses are coded using B35 – B49

Mycosis
(plural: Mycoses) is a fungal infection of animals, including humans. Mycoses are common, and a variety of environmental and physiological conditions and can contribute to the development of fungal diseases. Inhalation of fungal spores or localized colonization of the skin may initiate persistent infections; therefore, mycoses often start in the lungs or on the skin.

These codes exclude hypersensitivity
pneumonitis due to organic dust (J67.x) and mycosis fungoides (C84.0x)

Skin related codes (
dermatophytosis) utilize code B35 – B38

Examples of codes in this grouping include:
§Tinea Pedis (AKA: athlete's foot)
B35.3
§Tinea Corporis (ring worm)
B35.4
§Tinea Cruris (jock itch)
B35.6
§Candidial stomatitis (thrush)
B37.0
§Cutaneous Coccidioidomycosis
B38.3

Histoplasmosis
– B39

Histoplasmosis (also known as "Cave disease“,  "Darling's disease“, "Ohio valley disease”, "Reticuloendotheliosis”, "Spelunker’s Lung”.) This  disease is caused by the fungus Histoplasma capulatum . Symptoms of this infection vary greatly, but the disease primarily affects the lungs. Occasionally, other organs are affected; this is called disseminated histoplasmosis, and it can be fatal if left untreated. Histoplasmosis is common among AIDs patients because of their suppressed immune system.

Notations beneath B39 states to first code associated AIDS (B20)

Use additional codes for associated manifestations
                        
Endocatditis – I39
                        Pericarditis – I32

Examples of B39 codes include:
§B39.0 – Acute pulmonary histoplasmosis capsulati
§B39.4 – Histoplasmosis capsulati, unspecified

Cother mycoses are classified in codes B40-B48, and include:
§Blastomycosis
B40.0 – B40.9
§Paracoccidioidomycosis
B41-0 – B41.9
§Sporotchosis
B42.0 – B42.9
§Chromomycosis and pheomycotic abcess
B43.0 – B43.9
§Aspergillosis
B44.0 – B44.9
§Cryptococcosis
B45.0 – B45.9
§Zygomycosis
B46.0 – B46.9
§Mycetoma
B47-0 – B47.9
§Other Mycoses, NEC
B48.0 – B48.8

Protozoal
diseases
§B50 – B64

This category is a new grouping

The ICD-9-CM divided diseases in this grouping under multiple different headings

Malaria
Cross-Walk-Example

ICD-9-CM

084 - Malaria
084.0 - Falciparum malaria
084.1 - Vivax malaria
 084.2 - Quartan malaria
084.3 - Ovle malaria
084.5 - mixed malaria
084.6 - Malaria Unspecified
084.7 - Induced Malaria
084.8 - Blackwater fever
084.9 - Other pernicious complications of malaria

ICD-10-CM

B50 – Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria
B50.0 -  Plasmodium falciparum malaria with cerebral complicaitons
B50.8 – Other severe and complicated plasmodium falciparum malaria
B50.9 – Plasmodium falciparum malaria, unspecified
B51 – Plasmodia vivax malaria
B51.0 – Plasmodium vivax malaria with ruptured spleen
B51.8 – Plasmodium vivax malaria with other complications
B51.9 – Plasmodium vivax malaria without complication
B52 – Plasmodium malariae malaria
B52.0 – plasmodium malariae malaria with nephropathy
B52.8 – Plasmodium malariae malaria with other complicationd
B52.9 – Plasmodium malariae malaria without complication
B53 – Other specified malaria
B53.0 – Plasmodium ovale malaria
B53.1 – Malaria due to simian plasmodia
B53.8 – Other malaria, NEC
B54 – Unspecified malaria

Other disease included under the protozoal disease heading include:
§Plasmodium malaria
§Leishmaniasis
§Trypanosomiasis
§Chagas
§Toxoplasmosis
§Acanthamebiasis

Helminthiases
§B65 – B83

Helminthiasis
  - a macroparasitic human disease of humans and animals in which a part of the body is infested with parasitic worms, such as pinworm, roundworm, or tapeworm. Typically, the worms reside in the gastrointestinal tract but may also burrow into the liver or other organs.

Schistosomiasis
§B65.0 – B65.8

Spreads through contaminated water and effects live and lungs

Fluke Infections
§B66.0 – B66.8

Fluke infections include:
§Opisthorchiasis
§Clonorchiasis
§Dicroceliasis
§Fascioliasis
§Paragonimiasis
§Fasciolopsiasis
§Other Specified Fluke Infections

Enchinococcus
infections
§B67
§Are specific to anatomical sites
Liver
Lungs
Bone
Thyroid

Examples of other infections listed under the
helminthiases grouping include:
§Taeniasis
§Cysticercosis
§Diphyllobothiasis & Spaganosis
§Hookworm

Pediculousis
, Acariasis, and other infestations
§B85-B89

These codes include infestations such as:
Scabies
Myiasis

Sequelae of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases
§B90 – B94

Sequelae
is a pathological condition resulting from disease, injury, or other trauma.

Codes in this grouping are used to indicate conditions in categories A00 –B89 as the cause of sequelae.

Code first any condition resulting from (
sequela), the infections or parasitic disease.

Bacterial and Viral Infectious Agents
§B95 – B97

Codes in this grouping are to be used as additional or supplementary codes to identify the infectious agent in diseases classified elsewhere.

Examples of other codes in this category include:
§B95.3 – Streptococcus pneumoniae as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere
§B96.2 – E. coli (escherichia coli) as the cause of dieses classified elsewhere
§B97.4 – Respiratory syncytial virus as the cause of diseases classified elsewhere

Code B99.8 and B99.9
Are for other and unspecified infectious diseases

Codes in this chapter can be looked up in the alphabetic index under:
§Disease
By name
§Infection
By name
§By name

Common notations in this chapter include:
Use additional code to identify …..
Code first underlying….
Excludes 1
Excludes 2

Exclude 1: Not Coded Here! These two codes can never be reported together

 

Exclude 2: Not included here. Can be reported in conjunction with other code if supported by documentation.






 

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